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How to File a Complaint in the Consumer Court (India)


How to File a Complaint in the Consumer Court (India)
Have you ever received a defective product, been overcharged, or faced poor service from a seller or company?
You're not alone.
Many people feel frustrated, cheated, or helpless in such situations. But the good news is — you have legal rights as a consumer, and the law gives you the power to fight back.
If you've been wronged as a buyer or service user, you can file a complaint in Consumer Court — and you don’t even need a lawyer for it.
Let’s break down how it works in the simplest way.
 
🧾 What is a Consumer Complaint?
A consumer complaint is a legal claim filed by a customer who has suffered loss or harm due to a product or service.
Examples include:
  • Faulty electronics
  • Delayed or canceled services without refund
  • Overcharging or hidden charges
  • Expired or fake products
  • Poor after-sale service
Under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, you have the right to safety, information, choice, redressal, and fair trade.
 Who Can File a Complaint?
Anyone who:
  • Has bought goods or hired services
  • Is a beneficiary of such services (e.g., a family member)
  • Has valid proof of transaction (receipt, invoice, agreement, etc.)
 Where to File the Complaint?
Consumer Courts are divided based on the value of the claim:

Level

Value of Goods/Services

Where to File

District Forum

Up to ₹50 lakh

In your district

State Commission

₹50 lakh – ₹2 crore

In your state

National Commission

Above ₹2 crore

New Delhi
You can also file online via E-Daakhil Portal — a user-friendly government platform for digital complaints.
 
 Steps to File a Complaint in Consumer Court
Here’s a step-by-step guide to make it simple for you:
 
1. Send a Written Notice to the Seller/Service Provider
  • Inform the business about the problem
  • Give them a chance to resolve it
  • Mention your intention to file a complaint if not resolved
 Tip: Keep a copy of the notice and any replies received.
 
2. Prepare Your Complaint
Include:
  • Your name and contact details
  • Details of the seller/company
  • Product or service description
  • Nature of the issue
  • Relief you seek (refund, replacement, compensation)
  • Copies of bills, emails, photos, agreements, etc.
 
3. File the Complaint
You can file:
  • Offline: Submit at the appropriate consumer forum
There’s a small court fee, depending on your claim amount.
 
4. Attend the Hearing
You may receive a date for appearance. You can represent yourself or appoint a lawyer. Present your documents clearly.
 
5. Get the Verdict
Once the judge hears both sides, they may order:
  • Refunds or compensation
  • Replacement or repair
  • Penalty to the seller
 
How Long Does it Take?
Consumer courts aim to solve cases within 3 to 5 months, but it may vary. Having complete documents and attending hearings promptly can help speed up the process.
 
How R.K. Bhandari & Co. Can Help
While you can file a complaint on your own, legal experts can help if:
  • Your case involves a big company or large claim
  • You’re not sure how to present evidence
  • You’ve already tried but faced delays
At R.K. Bhandari & Co., we offer:
  • Legal consultation for consumer disputes
  • Drafting of legal notices and complaints
  • Representation before consumer courts at all levels
 Final Thoughts
Being a consumer doesn't mean being helpless. If you've faced unfair treatment — speak up, act fast, and file a complaint. The law is on your side.
And remember: the more people who raise their voice, the stronger the system becomes for everyone.
 Need help drafting a consumer complaint or understanding your rights?
Contact R.K. Bhandari & Co. — We’re here to guide you, represent you, and help you claim the justice you deserve.
 

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